▲ 邱志杰
威尼斯双年展中国馆主办方中国对外文化集团公司介绍,第57届威尼斯双年展中国馆策展人、策展主题与参展艺术家已经确定:第57届威尼斯双年展中国馆由中央美术学院实验艺术学院院长邱志杰担任策展人,他将率汤南南、邬建安、汪天稳、姚惠芬四位艺术家参展,中国馆主题为“不息(Continuum-Generation by Generation)”
消息一经发布,业界最为关注的莫过于策展人邱志杰邀请的艺术家组合了:除了当代艺术界熟知的邬建安、汤南南之外,汪天稳其实是一位从事皮影雕刻艺术50多年的国家级工艺美术大师, 姚惠芬则是一位苏绣的国家级非遗传承人。
生生不息:当代艺术+非遗传承
当代艺术+非遗传承,2+2的中国当代与中国传统的组合拳,也成为本届威双中国馆最大的看点。一位网友这样评论:“威尼斯双年展开始拥抱中国非物质文化遗产了,中国馆四位参展艺术家有两位非遗传承人,祝贺。”
其实,邱志杰担任策展人,将当代艺术与传统非遗组合在一起,并不出人意料,这从他近七八年来的艺术创作方向以及他不断推崇的“匠人精神”密切相关。
2009年,邱志杰在尤伦斯的大展上就使用了竹编。2011年,他在佩斯北京的个展“细胞”则第一次全部以竹编作品亮相。“它像妈妈打毛线,错了可以拆掉重新来,坏了可以补,它跟现代工业里用模具做生产的方式不一样,需要耐心,在手工的劳动中缓慢生长起来。”就像他的一件竹编作品,从一个椅子长成了一个梯子,然后又长出了一个鸟笼,而整个空间里有天地、有人、农具、山脉,竹子是可以无穷无尽的。
▲ 邱志杰的竹编作品
“我要的就是这种生生不息的东西,因为中国人是不相信‘不朽的’,只相信‘不息的’,太行山是不朽的,但愚公家是不息的,不朽的太行山碰到不息的愚公就废掉了,这是中国人的方式。”邱志杰说。
一物万物,生生不息,邱志杰的很多作品里早就呈现出来本届中国馆主题的涵意。
据了解,本届威尼斯双年展的两位当代艺术家和两位非遗传承人将会以分别合作的方式来呈现作品,例如邬建安将会分别与汪天稳、姚惠芬合作,同时,汤南南也分别与汪天稳、姚惠芬合作,共同完成作品。
其实,邬建安与汪天稳的合作已经持续了十余年。十多年前,还在读研究生的邬建安去陕西考察传统皮影现存情况,与非遗传承人汪天稳相识: “汪老师对皮影的热情中有某种无形的力量,我们在第一次见面后就决定要一起做一些皮影的作品。”此后两人展开合作,邬建安出当代艺术的设计,而由汪天稳来雕刻,“这是依托传统皮影语言而作的当代艺术创作。它不是传统的,而是当代的,不再是皮影,而是使用传统皮影的工艺去创作全新的当代艺术作品。”
2015年,两人合作的展览“化生:《白蛇传》的古本与今相”就用当代视觉艺术创作的观念与形态,结合传统皮影的样式语言讲述了《白蛇传》的故事。其中还专门开辟一个版块呈现传统皮影的制作工艺、探索制作方法革新、丰富皮影艺术的美学样式与作品形态、拓宽受众人群等在当下的新生。
“从我自己的创作来解读,我认为从古代留存至今的手工艺里藏着大智慧,它绝对不仅仅只是我们原来理解意义上的一门简单的手艺那么简单。这些智慧可能超过我们当下的当代艺术所讨论的那些小小的、重要的似乎也不怎么重要的议题。比较它们与当代艺术之间的寿命就能看出来,这些手艺活了多少年?而当代艺术活了多少年?这之前真的存在一种谁的能量更大的讨论。”参展艺术家邬建安告诉雅昌艺术网,而将传统艺术与当代艺术一起放在威尼斯双年展的平台之上,也正是因为在世界上,很多国家已经失去了用他们的当代文化和他们古代文化对话的机会,而我们则正好有这样的机会。
中国当代艺术参加国际展览在当下已经习以为常,威尼斯双年展也已经不再是20年前的神殿。但是,多年来一直存在一个重要的讨论,那就是如何在国际平台建立中国自己的当代艺术体系,邱志杰将率领四位艺术家交上怎样的答卷,是否能入得了中国艺术界的法眼,我们拭目以待。
2017,威尼斯高喊:艺术万岁
2016年9月份,双年展主席保罗·巴拉塔(Paolo Baratta)及策展人克里斯汀·马萨尔(Christine Macel)共同宣布本届威尼斯双年展主题定为“艺术万岁”(Viva Arte Viva)。
第57届威尼斯双年展策展人马萨尔表示,“艺术万岁”这个主题恰到好处的反映了艺术家在当代艺术框架下所扮演的角色和所承担的责任。在宣布双年展主题的声明中,马萨尔认为本届威尼斯双年展是和艺术家一起设计、被艺术家设计、为艺术家设计的一场展览,“希望可以成为一种经验,呈现出对他人、凡事,以及模糊不清的维度的一种外向的包容,向新人文主义开辟出一条新路。”
就像中国馆要接受着中国当代艺术界的检阅,整个双年展则要接受着整个世界艺术界的批评,就如本届双年展总主题一经发出就受到了来自世界各地的批评之声,认为本届威尼斯双年展的主题言之无物,不过最终的展览呈现将会如何,依然值得期待。
在主办方公开的120位主题展参展艺术家名单中,我们发现了六位中国艺术家的名字,包括耿建翌、关小、郝量、刘建华、刘野、周滔(音译)。
第57届威尼斯双年展除了有来自57个国家和地区的艺术家作品所组成的各国家馆大展,还会每周举办一场“圆桌”(Open Table),邀请艺术家与公众一起对谈,探讨与艺术有关的话题。今年一月,威尼斯双年展主席保罗·巴拉塔委任马萨尔担任总策展人时说到,她是“一位致力于强调艺术家在他们所创造的那个世界中所扮演的角色的重要性,同时将生命力与活力温和地注入到我们所生存的世界中。”
此外,1979年生于香港的声音艺术家杨嘉辉(Samson Young)将代表中国香港参展,独立策展人郭瑛(Ying Kwok)负责展馆策划,M+博物馆执行总监、首席策展人郑道炼(Doryun Chong)担任顾问策展人。
行为艺术家谢德庆将代表中国台湾参展,策展人由英国学者、策展人亚德里安•希斯菲尔德(Adrian Heathfield)担任。谈及此次参展威尼斯双年展,谢德庆表示:“这次展览是一次非常难得的机会,能够展出我之前在台湾创作的很多从未公开过的早期作品,同时还能够给予我在纽约创作的‘一年行为表演’全新的理解。能够获得提名委员会的青睐,得以参展威尼斯双年展是我莫大的荣幸。”
其他几个亚洲国家此前也陆续公布了今年威尼斯双年展参展艺术家名单,观念艺术家崔玄周(Cody Choi)和Lee Wan将代表韩国参展,而韩国国家馆的策展人则将由来自首尔的策展人李大衡(Daehyung Lee)担任。广岛艺术家岩崎贵宏(Takahiro Iwasaki)代表日本参展2017年5月13日开幕的第57届威尼斯双年展,其作品将在Meruro Washida担任策展的“颠倒的森林”中呈现。
2017年第57届威尼斯双年展参展艺术家名单:
1. ADER, Bas Jan(荷兰)
Born in 1942 in the Netherlands, died in 1975
2. AL SAADI, Abdullah(阿联酋)
Born in 1967 in the UAE, lives and works in Khorfakkan
3. ALADAG, Nevin(土耳其)
Born in 1972 in Turkey, lives and works in Berlin
4. ANTUNES, Leonor
Born in 1972 in Portugal, lives and works in Berlin
5. ARAEEN, Rasheed
Born in 1935 in Pakistan, lives and works in London
6. ARANCIO, Salvatore
He born in 1974 in Italy, lives and works in London
7. ATIKU, Jelili
Born in 1968 in Nigeria, lives and works in Lagos
8. ATLAS, Charles
Born in 1949 in the United States, lives and works in New York
9. ATTIA, Kader
Born in 1970 in France, lives and works in Berlin and Paris
10. ÁVILA FORERO, Marcos
Born in 1983 in France, lives and works in Paris and Bogota
11. BANERJEE, Rina
Born in 1963 in India, lives and works in New York
12. BEUTLER, Michael
Born in 1976 in Germany, lives and works in Berlin
13. BINION, McArthur
Born in 1946 in the United States, lives and works in Chicago
14. BLACK, Karla
Born in 1972 in the UK, lives and works in Glasgow
15. BLANK, Irma
Born in 1934 in Germany, lives and works in Milan
16. BLAZY, Michel
Born in 1966 in the Principality of Monaco, lives and works in Paris
17. BRUSCKY, Paulo
Born in 1949 in Brazil, lives and works in Recife
18. BUCHER, Heidi
Born in 1926, died in 1993 in Switzerland
19. CALAND, Huguette
Born in Lebanon in 1931, lives and works in Los Angeles
20. CHARRIÈRE, Julian
Born in 1987 in Switzerland, lives and works in Berlin
21. CIACCIOFERA, Michele
Born in 1969 in Italy, lives and works in Paris
22. CORDIANO, Martín
Born in 1975 in Argentina, lives and works in London
23. CSOR̈GŐ, Attila
Born in 1965 in Hungary, lives and works in Bialystok
24. CURNIER JARDIN, Pauline
Born in 1980 in France, lives and works in Amsterdam
25. DANZ, Mariechen
Born in 1980 in Ireland, lives and works in Berlin
26. DEKYNDT, Edith
Born in 1960 in Belgium, lives and works in Berlin
27. DÍAZ MORALES, Sebastián
Born in 1975 in Argentina, lives and works in Amsterdam
28. DOWNEY, Juan
Born in 1940 in Chile, died in 1993 in the United States
29. ELIASSON, Olafur
Born in 1967 in Denmark, lives and works in Copenhagen and Berlin
30. ENGSTED, Søren
Born in 1974 in Denmark, lives and works in Copenhagen
31. FIŠKIN, Vadim
Born in 1965 in Russia, lives and works in Ljubljana
32. GARCÍA URIBURU, Nicolás
1937–2016, Argentina
33. GENG, Jianyi
Born in 1962 in China, lives and works in Hangzhou
34. GILLIAM, Sam
Born in 1933 in the United States, lives and works in Washington, D.C.
35. GRIFFA, Giorgio
Born in 1936 in Italy, lives and works in Turin
36. GUAN, Xiao
Born in 1983 in China, lives and works in Beijing
37. GUARNERI, Riccardo
Born in 1933 in Italy, lives and works in Florence
38. GUTIÉRREZ, Cynthia
Born in 1978 in Mexico, lives and works in Guadalajara
39. HAINS, Raymond
1926–2005, France
40. HAJAS, Tibor
1946–1980, Hungary
41. HALILAJ, Petrit
Born in 1986 in Kosovo, lives and works in Berlin
42. HALPRIN, Anna
Born in 1920 in the United States, lives and works in Kentfield, California
43. HAO, Liang
Born in 1983 in China, lives and works in Beijing
44. HERÁCLITO, Ayrson
Born in 1968 in Brazil, lives and works in Salvador
45. HICKS, Sheila
Born in 1934 in the United States, lives and works in Paris
46. HOPE, Andy
Born in 1930 in Germany, lives and works in Berlin
47. KASPER, Dawn
Born in 1977 in the United States, lives and works in New York
48. KHAN, Hassan
Born in 1975 in the UK, lives and works in Cairo
49. KIM, Sung Hwan
Born in 1975 in Korea, lives and works in New York
50. KONATE, Abdoulaye
Born in 1953 in Mali, lives and works in Bamako
51. KORINA, Irina
Born in 1977 in Russia, lives and works in Moscow
52. KWADE, Alicja
Born in 1979 in Poland, lives and works in Berlin
53. LAI, Florence
Born in 1984 in Hong Kong, lives and works in Hong Kong
54. LAI, Maria
1919–2013, Italy
55. LANCETA, Teresa
Born in 1951 in Spain, lives and works in Alicante and Barcelona
56. LATHAM, John
Born in 1921 in Zambia, died in 2006 in the UK
57. LEE Mingwei
Born in Taiwan in 1964, lives and works in Paris
58. LEIBOVICI, Franck
Born in 1975 in France, lives and works in Paris
59. LEWITT, Sam
Born in 1981 in the United States, lives and works in New York
60. LIU, Jianhua
Born in 1962 in China, lives and works in Shanghai
61. LIU, Ye
Born in 1964 in China, lives and works in Beijing
62. MAKHACHEVA, Taus
Born in 1983 in Russia, lives and works in Moscow and Makhachkala
63. MALLUH, Maha
Born in 1959, Saudi Arabia, lives and works in Riyadh
64. MARWAN
Born in 1934 in Syria, died in 2016 in Germany
65. MATSUTANI, Takesada
Born in 1937 in Japan, lives and works in Paris
66. MEDALLA, David
Born in the Philippines in 1938, lives and works in London
67. MILLER, Dan
Born in 1961 in the United States, lives and works in Oakland
68. MILLER, Peter
Born in 1978 in the United States, lives and works in Cologne and Dusseldorf
69. MIRALDA, Antoni; RABASCALL, Joan; SELZ, Dorothée; XIFRA, Jaume
Born in 1942 in Spain, lives and works in Barcelona; born in 1935 in Spain, lives and works in Paris; born in 1946 in France; lives and works in Paris; and born in Spain in 1934, died in 2014 in France
70. MONDRIAN FAN CLUB (David Medalla and Adam Nankervis)
Born in the Philippines in 1938, lives and works in London, and born in 1965 in Australia, lives and works in London and Berlin
71. MURESAN, Ciprian
Born in 1977 in Romania, lives and works in Cluj
72. NENGUDI, Senga
Born in 1943 in the United States, lives and works in Colorado Springs
73. NETO, Ernesto
Born in 1964 in Brazil, lives and works in Rio de Janeiro
74. NUÑEZ, Katherine and RODRIGUEZ, Issay
Born in 1992 in the Philippines and born in 1991 in the Philippines, living and working in Marikina
75. OHO
Founded in 1966, based in Kranj and Ljubljana since 1971
76. OROZCO, Gabriel
He born in 1962 in Mexico, lives and works in Tokyo
77. PARRENO, Philippe
Born in 1964 in Algeria, lives and works in Paris
78. PICH, Sopheap
Born in 1971 in Cambodia, lives and works in Phnom Penh
79. PLNÝ, Lubos
Born in 1961 in the Czech Republic, lives and works in Prague
80. POGACNIK, Marko
Born in 1944 in Slovenia, lives and works in Sempas
81. POLSKA, Agnieszka
Born in 1985 in Poland, lives and works in Berlin
82. POOTOOGOOK, Kananginak
1951–2010, Canada
83. PORTER, Liliana
Born in 1941 in Argentina, lives and works in New York
84. QUINLAN, Eileen
Born in 1972 in the United States, lives and works in New York
85. RAHMOUN, Younès
Born in Morocco in 1975, lives and works in Tetouan
86. RAMA, Edi
Born in 1964 in Albania, lives and works in Tirana
87. RAMÍREZ, Enrique
Born in Chile in 1979, lives and works in Paris and Santiago
88. RAMÍREZ-FIGUEROA, Naufus
Born in Guatemala in 1978, lives and works in Berlin
89. ROSE, Rachel
Born in 1986 in the United States, lives and works in New York
90. SALA, Anri
Born in 1974 in Albania, lives and works in Berlin
91. SÁNCHEZ, Zilia
Born in 1926 in Cuba, lives and works in San Juan
92. SAPOUNTZIS, Yorgos
Born in 1976 in Greece, lives and works in Berlin
93. SCOTT, Judith
1943–2005, United States
94. SHARIF, Hassan
1951–2016, United Arab Emirates
95. SHAVER, Nancy
Born in 1946 in the United States, lives and works in Jefferson and Hudson, New York
96. SHAW, Jeremy
Born in 1977 in Canada, lives and works in Berlin
97. SHERK, Bonnie Now
Born in the USA, lives and works in New York and San Francisco
98. SHIMABUKU
Born in 1969 in Japan, lives and works in Naha
99. SMITH, Kiki
Born in 1954 in Germany, lives and works in New York and the Catskills
100. STARK, Frances
Born in 1967 in the United States, lives and works in Los Angeles
101. STILINOVIĆ, Mladen
Born in 1947 in Serbia, died in Croatia
102. STOLTE, Fiete
Born in 1979 in Germany, lives and works in Berlin
103. STUART, Michelle
Born in 1933 in the United States, lives and works in New York
104. SUGA, Kishio
Born in 1944 in Japan, lives and works in Ito
105. TANAKA, Koki
Born in 1975 in Japan, lives and works in Kyoto
106. TENGER, Hale
Born in 1960 in Turkey, lives and works in Istanbul
107. THE PLAY
Founded in 1967 in Japan, based in the Kansai region
108. TOULOUB, Achraf
Born in 1986 in Morocco, lives and works in Paris
109. TRAN, Thu Van
Born in 1979 in Vietnam, lives and works in Paris
110. UPRITCHARD, Francis
Born in 1976 in New Zealand, lives and works in London
111. VERZUTTI, Erika
Born in 1971 in Brazil, lives and works in São Paulo
112. VOIGNIER, Marie
Born in 1974 in France, lives and works in Paris
113. VOROBYEVA, Yelena and VOROBYEV, Viktor
Born in 1959 in Turkmenistan, and born in 1959 in Kazakhstan, living and working in Almaty, Kazakhstan
114. WAHEED, Hajra
Born in 1980 in Canada, lives and works in Montreal
115. WALTHER, Franz Erhard
Born in 1939 in Germany, lives and works in Fulda
116. WATERS, John
Born in 1946 in the United States, lives and works in Baltimore
117. WEST, Franz
1947–2012, Austria
118. WYN EVANS, Cerith
Born in 1958 in the UK, lives and works in London
119. YEESOOKYUNG
Born in 1963 in Korea, lives and works in Seoul
120. ZHOU, Tao
Born in 1976 in China, lives and works in Guangzhou